Slovakia existed as part of Hungary from the beginning of the 10th century until 1918, when it united with the Czech lands of Bohemia and Moravia, in addition to a small part of Silesia, to form Czechoslovakia. In 1939, shortly before the start of World War II, Slovakia declared its independence under pressure from German dictator Adolf Hitler, but in 1945 it was reunited with the rest of Czechoslovakia. From 1948 until 1989 Czechoslovakia was ruled by a Soviet-style Communist regime. In 1993 the country broke apart, and Slovakia and the Czech Republic became independent. PIESTANY (pop. 31,000) is a spa town, located in the western part of Slovakia, in the valley of the Vah river, at an altitude of 162 m, some 80 km from Bratislava. The valley is open to the south, and thus has a warm and sunny temperate climate. Most of the town is located on the right bank of the river. South of the town is the Slnava water reservoir created by a dam on the Vah river. The artificial Biskupicky kanal and the main river branch join in the town. In the summer tourist season, the town hosts several cultural events, including an annual summer music festival in the Piestany Arts Centre, established in 1955. In 2005, a tradition of sculpture exhibition in the Spa Park was renewed, displaying works of more than 20 artists. Such exhibitions took place annually in 1967-1993. Piestany also has several museums. Balneological museum houses exhibits of archeology, history and ethnography of the region, as well as the history of Slovak spas.
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